Primary Science – Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Topics

Breathing and Heartbeat Rates

This science revision note aims to help your child:

– understand how different activities affect the heartbeat and breathing rates.

– understand the scientific keywords used to explain the respiration process

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P5 Science - Circulatory and Respiratory Systems - Breathing and Heartbeat rates

Question

Jane recorded her heart rate for three different activities. The three activities are listed below.

Playing soccer with her friends
Strolling through a shopping centre
Sleeping

Identify activities Y and Z. Explain your answers.

STEP 1

Compare the activity rate between Y and Z and relate to how this affects the breathing rate and heart rate change.

STEP 2 – Analyse the differences

A faster heartbeat rate relates to more strenuous or vigorous activity.

Since Z has the highest breathing and heartbeat rate, Z’s activity is playing soccer.

Conversely, since activity Y has the lowest breathing rate and heartbeat rate, activity Y should be the sleeping activity.

FINALLY, piece your answer together.

Y: Sleeping

Z: Playing soccer with her friends

Playing soccer with her friends requires more energy compared to sleeping.

Hence, the breathing rate and heart rate are the highest for playing soccer and the lowest when sleeping. When more energy is needed, the heart will beat faster to transport/circulate digested food and oxygen to the rest of the body which is used to increase the rate of respiration to release more energy for the soccer activity compared to sleeping activity. More carbon dioxide and waste substances are transported back to the organs for removal.

The breathing rate increases so that the lungs can breathe in more oxygen gas and give out more carbon dioxide gas.

Common mistakes:

Wrong answers: Body cells need to respire faster to release more energy.

Failure to link to the heart and breathing rate makes your answer incomplete.

Wrong answers: The heart will beat faster to transport more digested food and oxygen to the body cells to release more energy.

The name of the process is missing. “Respiration” needs to be stated as it is an important keyword.

Additional learning material for this topic

Do read another question on circulatory and respiratory systems here >> https://scienceshifu.com/p5-science-circulatory-and-respiratory-systems-blood-flow/

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P5 Science - Circulatory and Respiratory Systems - Breathing and Heartbeat rates

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